Hydraulic pump



' F. G. HEHR HYDRAULIC PUMP April 18, 1933.

Filed Feb. 27 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTQR F/P' Efi/(K f. HA

L91, ATTORNEYS F. G. HEHR 1,904,707

HYDRAULIC PUMP Filed Feb. 27, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 April 18, I933.-

INVENTOR H EUEfi/CK 6. 5H,?

-12 ATTORNEY Patented Apr. 18, 1933 FREDERICK GEORGE HEHR, OF HEMPSTEAD, NET/V ASSIG-NOR TO AEROL ENGINE CORPORATION, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK engine at the point HYDRAULIC PUMP Application filed February. 27-, 1930. serial No. 431,687. I

This invention relates to improvements in internal combustion engines.

It is a primary object of the invention to through devices operated in conjunction with the engine and which will maintain sealed the entire fuel feeding devices.

It is a more specific object to provide devices of this character which will prevent the formation of air .bubbles in the fuel line.

These and other objects will appear more fully from the following'description when considered in connection with the drawings in which: r

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of one form which my invention may assume. 7

Fig.2 is an enlarged detail view of a portion of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1.

In engines of the character disclosed in the drawings, which operate on the solid injection principle, fuel is injected into the of highest engine compression and is self-ignited on its introduction into the combustion chamber. The fuel line must be maintainedfilled with liquid and without any air pocketstherein or else the fuel pump cannot uniformly introduce the desired quantity of fuel into the engine. It is to this type of mechanism that the pres ent invention is directed. 5

Referring to the drawings, I have shown a two-cycle internal combustion engine formed with a cylinder 4, water-jacketed as at 5, and provided with intake and exhaust passages 6 which are exposed only when the piston 7 reaches its inner or lower position where the engine is arranged with vertical piston and cylinder. The piston 7 is connected bya pitman 8 to the crank shaft 9 whereby reciprocation of the piston produces rotation of the crank shaft. The above devices may be of any usual or preferred construction and specifically form no part of my present invention.

At the end of the compression stroke of the piston, fuel is injected into the combustion chamber through the opening 10 and pipeline 12. The latter may include oneway valves 14 and 15 placed in suitable chambers in the pipeline, the latter being connected to the conduit 16 leading to the bottom-of a suitable fuel reservoir 18 which may be the usual float chamber or any other reservoir for fuel. 7

Fuel is advanced through the pipe line 12 and past the valves 14 and 15 by means of the fuel pump indicated generally at 20. This pump includes a'reciprocating piston rod or plunger 22 mounted in a gland supported by the housing21 and projecting as at 23 into the fuel chamber 24 whereby reciprocation of the plunger produces alternate suction and compression in the chamber 24 for advancing fuel tothe engine.

The plunger 22 is normally maintained in contact with the surface of a cam 26 by meansof a relatively strongspring'27 Cam 26 is rotated in coordination with therotation of the crank shaft 9 by meansof the chain 28 engaged with suitable chain gears on the crank shaft and cam shaft'as shown. ,5

It will be seen that as the crank shaft approaches the end of the. compression" stroke for the piston the projecting portion of the cam 26 engages the head of the plunger22 and moves the advance end 23 of the same upwardly into 1 the chamber 24 thus forcing a predetermined quantity of fuel into the combustion chamber. for the power stroke. During further rotation of the crank shaft and cam shaft plunger 22 is retracted thus drawing in'fuel in preparation for subsequent operations of the pump.

As the fuel is injected into the motor at FFICE I the time of highest compression an extreme to remove these accumulations of finely 'divided air and fuel bymeans of the following described devices.

The housing 21 is provided.- with 'lubri-= cating duct 32 connectedby a suitable pipe To a lubricating pump 34: communicating with a reservoir 36' forlubricating materiaL- I The pump 34: (see Fig. 2) may be operated by any suitable devices. As shown these devices include a plunger 37connected by 'neans ofa pitman 38 to a lever 40 pivotally' I supported upon the pump housing 21. The free end of the lever 40 rests upon the head 22a of the piston rod 22 and is either provided with a spring or mechanicalconncd The plunger 3.7. operates in: a

and downwardly under the influence of the pistonrod 22; The: lubricating pump will operate satisfactorily without valves proyidcd the plunger 37, when in its downward position, uncovers the opemngtldleading from the oil fuel reservoir; ;On its upward and closes the opening 45, thus-forcingn' novementthe plunger, 27. moves up beyond certain quantity. of lubricating material through the passage On the retraction of the plunger 37. a reverse flow of a por- *ion of the lubricant iseifected but a condition of partial-Vacuum is establishedin the passage 32 so that when the plunger uncovers the opening 45 a limited quantityof lubricating oil is drawn into theipassage' 32, "he oil being subsequently advanced through this passage by the lubricating pump. It

will be observed that on each operation of the lubricant plunger 37 the oil is advanced through the passage 50 and then retracted "o a lesser extent, the forward and reverse flow of oil serving effectively to entrain and remove all particles of fuel and air which reach the recess 50.

The passage 32 leads by way of passage 46 can opening 48 in the gland 30. The opening 48 extends downwardly from the edge of the gland 30 to the bore of the same constituting the fuel pump cylinder and com municates with a circular recess 50 formed n the interior surface of the gland 30. At the opposite side of the gland a similar upwardly inclined passage 51 leads to a discharge duct 52 which communicates with the fuel. reservoir 18. In orc er to avoid the neessity of an accurate fitting of the gland 30 into the housing 21 either the gland or the housing may be formed with a circular opening 54 so that the passages 46, 48, 51, 52, etc. will be in communication even though the mand is not accurately fitted with these ducts in exact alignment. The opening 54 may be closed for a portion of its length so that the lubricating material cannot bypass around the passages 4-8, it being suiiicient if a reasonable latitude be permitted in the :claim:

angular adjustment of the 'land 30 in the.

I use is a relatively heavy castor oil, the heavy 7 specific gravity of which. causes the lubricating material; to remain in the pocket formed by the passages 48, .50 and '51 until. forced out through the introduction of additional lubricating material. I, V

, A fuel pump'constructed as shown herein will operate uniformly to advance and discharge the required amount of fuel into the combustion chamber of the engine. I

' The body of lubricating material which constantly surrounds the: plunger 22 at a pointintermediate its length serves to collect the minute particles of air and fuel which tend to )ass'alon the ,lunoer and to l to .a

pass these particles of material along with the. lubricating .oil into the fuel" reservoir 18 where they are subsequently burned with the fuel. I I Furthermore the lubricating material supplied by means of the pump 34 wilLprevent I the'fuel from the fuel passage working into the mechanism 2 ofthe fuel pump 'anddestroying the'lubrioating qualities of the 111 be without harmful consequences and: the

be impaired. I I I Having now described 11 51. In an internal combustion engine, a housing formed with hearing portion, a fuel pump comprising a reciprocable'plunger supported within the bearing portion of said housing, said housing including a circu lar recess formed in the bearing portion thereof, a lubricant pump for supplying lubricating material under pressure to said circular recess said pump operating to ad- Vance and retract a limited quantity of oil through said recess on each operation there of.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a housing formed with a bearing portion, a fuel pump comprising a reciprocable plunger supported within the bearing portion of said housing, said housing including a circular recess formed in the bearing portion thereof, and means for supplying lubricat ing material under pressure to said circular recess, said means includingducts in said housing leading downwardly to said circular recess, one for the supplying of lubricant and the other for the discharge ofthe used lubricant.

3. In an internal combustion engine, a housing formed with a bearing portion, a fuel pump comprising a reciprocable plunger supported within the bearing portion of said housing, said housing including a lubricant passage formed. with a supply por- 1y invention, I

bricantused therein, whereas if the gland 'lubricantworlts into the IT1ChaIl1S1Tl','1l1 will tion and a discharge portion and a depressed pocket in said passage formed as a circular recess in the bearing portion 'of said housing, and means for supplying lubricatbeing formed with a recess encircling said.

plunger and means for producing a flow of lubricating material through said recess, said means including ducts extending upwardly away from said recess to form a depressed pocket of the latter.

5. In an internal combustion engine, a force fuel feeding device comprising a fuel feeding plunger and a housing therefor, said plunger and housing being snugly interfitted for a substantial portion of the length of the former and means for :producing a flow of lubricating material into contact with and past a portion of said plunger Where the same is supported within said housing, said means including a depressed pocket encircling said plunger and 5 a plurality of downwardly inclined ducts communicating With said pocket.

6. In an internal combustion engine, a force fuel feeding device comprising a fuel feeding piston rod and a housing therefor for conveying fuel from af'uel reservoir to said engine, said piston rod and housing being snugly interfitted for a substantial portion of the length of the former,' means for producing a flow of lubricating material nto contact with and past a portion of'fsaid piston rod Where the same is supported within said housing, said means including a depressed pocket encircling said piston rod and a plurality of downwardly inclined ducts communicating with said pocket, a lubricant pump communicating with one of said ducts and means for conducting the 'used lubricant from the other duct to said pump and a restricted lubricant passage, I r

the latter communicating with a reservoir passage for lubricating material and with said pump, said lubricant pump closing said passage during a portion of its operation, said being otherwise unobstructed throughout its entire length.

9. In an internal combustion engine, a

housing formed with a gland constituting a pump cylinder,a fuel pump plunger snugly fitted Within said gland and means for 111- bricating the coacting surfaces of said plunger and said gland and comprising a depressed pocket in said gland andfmeans for supplying lubricant under pressure thereto.

Signed at New York in the county of New York and State of New York this 26th day of February A. D. 1930.

FREDERICK GEORGE HEHR. 

